MODELAGEM INTEGRADA DA ADSORÇÃO DE ISONIAZIDA EM QUITOSANA EM UM SISTEMA AQUOSO MODELO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20438/ecs.v13i1.732Palavras-chave:
adsorção, isoniazida, quitosana, cinética, isotermas, purificação de antibióticoResumo
A adsorção de isoniazida em quitosana foi investigada por isotermas, cinética e modelagem de transporte de massa. As isotermas ajustaram-se melhor ao modelo de Langmuir (R² = 0,984), indicando adsorção em monocamada e capacidade máxima de 55,20 mg.g⁻¹, favorecida por interações eletrostáticas em pH ácido. O modelo de dois sítios revelou mecanismos rápidos e lentos, enquanto o método de Boyd evidenciou transição do controle superficial para o difusivo. O modelo de difusão e transporte convectivo (DTC) indicou baixa difusividade inicial (D₀ = 1,07 × 10⁻⁹ m².s⁻¹) e dependência com a concentração (α = 2,97 L.g⁻¹). A análise das resistências confirmou o predomínio difusivo (Rdifusiva = 98,7% da resistência total; Bim =1,9), tornando irrelevante a otimização convectiva. A combinação dos modelos DS, Boyd e DTC ofereceu uma visão abrangente do processo de adsorção ao longo do tempo, mostrando desde a ocupação inicial dos sítios superficiais até a retenção em sítios internos de maior afinidade. Os dados obtidos evidenciam que a quitosana apresenta grande potencial como adsorvente renovável e biodegradável para separação/purificação de isoniazida ou tratamendo de efluentes contendo antibiótico, sendo uma alternativa viável para sistemas de tratamento de efluentes farmacêuticos que precisam ser econômicos e eficientes.
Referências
ALKHAMIS, K. A. et al. Adsorption of allopurinol and ketotifen by chitosan. AAPS PharmSciTech, v. 2, n. 1, p. 1 8, 2001. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1208/pt020103. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
BEREZIN, A. S.; SKORIK, Y. A. Chitosan isoniazid conjugates: Synthesis, evalua-tion of tuberculostatic activity, biodegradability and toxicity. Carbohydrate Poly-mers, v. 127, p. 309 315, 2015.
BROUERS, F. et al. Microporous and heterogeneous surface adsorption isotherms arising from Levy distributions. Physica A – Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, v. 349, n. 1, p. 271–282, 1 abr. 2005.
CARAZO, A. et al. Sorption study of isoniazid on natural and modified clays. Ap-plied Clay Science, v. 165, p. 46–54, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2018.07.004. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
CARAZO, E. et al. Kinetic and thermodynamic assessment on isonia-zid/montmorillonite adsorption. Applied Clay Science, v. 165, p. 82–90, 2018.
CARONI, A. L. P. F. Estudos de adsorção de tetraciclina em partículas de quitosa-na. 2009. 145 f. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2009.
CHEUNG, W. H.; SZETO, Y. S.; McKAY, G. M. Intraparticle diffusion processes during acid dye adsorption onto chitosan. Bioresource Technology, v. 98, n. 15, p. 2897–2904, 2007. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.09. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
COBO, F. Tuberculosis: the problem of multiresistance. [S. l.: s. n.], 2015. p. 199 211. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781907568572500143. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
CUSSLER, E. L. Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems. 3. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
DAWODU, F. A.; ABUH, M. A. Equilibrium isotherm studies on the batch sorption of copper (ii) ions from aqueous solution unto “nsu clay”. 1 jan. 2012.
DHAWAN, S.; SINGLA, A. K.; SINHA, V. R. Evaluation of mucoadhesive proper-ties of chitosan microspheres prepared by different methods. AAPS PharmSciTech, v. 5, n. 4, p. 1 7, 2004. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1208/pt050467. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
DUBE, T. et al. Adsorptive removal of ciprofloxacin and isoniazid from aqueous solutions using low cost adsorbents. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica, v. 17, n. 1, p. 87–97, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.2478/nbec-2018-0007. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
GEANKOPLIS, C. J. Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles. 4. ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003.
GUO, Y. et al. Method for controlling impurities of isoniazid. 28 mar. 2012.
GUPTA, A. et al. Chitosan based delivery systems for therapeutics: recent advances in tuberculosis treatment. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, v. 72, p. 1394 1404, 2015.
HORSTMANN, B. J.; CHASE, H. A. Modelling the affinity adsorption of immuno-globulin G to Protein A immobilized to agarose matrices. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, v. 67, n. 3, p. 243–254, 1989.
INGLEZAKIS, V. J. et al. Variable diffusivity homogeneous surface diffusion model and analysis of merits and fallacies of simplified adsorption kinetics equations. Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 367, p. 224–245, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.023. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
JUANG, R. S. et al. Adsorption behavior of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions on chitosan. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, v. 70, n. 4, p. 391–399, 1 dez. 1997.
KÄRGER, J. et al. Diffusion in nanoporous materials: fundamental principles, in-sights and challenges. New Journal of Chemistry, v. 40, n. 5, p. 4027–4048, 2016. Dis-ponível em: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NJ02836A. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
KLEIN, D. J. et al. PharmGKB summary: isoniazid pathway, pharmacokinetics. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, v. 26, n. 9, p. 436 444, 2016. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1097/FPC.0000000000000232. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
KUNDAWALA, A. et al. Chitosan microspheres for controlled delivery of isoniazid: formulation and in vitro evaluation. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, v. 36, n. 6, p. 679 687, 2010.
KYZAS, G. Z. et al. Environmental friendly technology for the removal of pharma-ceutical contaminants from wastewaters using modified chitosan adsorbents. Chemical Engineering Journal, v. 222, p. 248 258, 2013.
LAGERGREN, S. About the theory of so called adsorption of soluble substances. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, v. 24, n. 4, p. 1 39, 1898.
LIMA, C. R. M. Estudos de adsorção de tetraciclina e cromoglicato em partículas de quitosana. 2013. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2013.
LUCINDA SILVA, R. M.; EVANGELISTA, R. C. Microspheres of alginate chitosan containing isoniazid. Journal of Microencapsulation, v. 20, n. 2, p. 145 152, 2003.
MOHD SETAPAR, S. H. et al. A review of mixed reverse micelle system for antibi-otic recovery. Chemical Engineering Communications, v. 201, n. 12, p. 1664–1685, 11 mar. 2014.
MUDHOO, A. et al. Insights into adsorbent tortuosity across aqueous adsorption systems. Particuology, v. 88, p. 71–88, 2024. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2023.08.022. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
PIGNATELLO, J. J.; XING, B. Mechanisms of Slow Sorption of Organic Chemicals to Natural Particles. Environmental Science & Technology, p. 9 ?, 1995.
QIN, H. et al. Preparation and characterization of magnetic Fe₃O₄ chitosan nano-particles loaded with isoniazid. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 381, p. 120 126, 2015.
SAHEED, I. O. et al. Mesoporous chitosan/activated charcoal powder and bead modified in 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium acetate for the adsorption of acid blue 25 from an aqueous solution. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, v. 97, n. 5, p. 1315–1325, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7027. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
SALIHI, A.; AYDIN, A. Adsorptive characteristics of isoniazid on powdered acti-vated carbon. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, v. 38, n. 3, p. 351–357, 2017. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2016.1174493. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
SALIHI, A.; AYDIN, A. Fast retention of isoniazid on organobentonite prepared by green chemistry. Separation Science and Technology, v. 54, n. 5, p. 872–880, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2018.1533796. Acesso em: 13 Ago. 2025.
SRIVASTAVA, S.; GOYAL, P. Sorption Isotherms and Kinetics. In: [S. l.]: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. p. 87 91.
SUN, L. M. et al. Adsorption – Aspects théoriques. 10 dez. 2016.
TORRES ACOSTA, M. A. et al. Economic evaluation of the primary recovery of tetracycline with traditional and novel aqueous two phase systems. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 203, p. 178–184, 12 set. 2018.
VIEGAS, R. M. C. et al. How do the HSDM and Boyd’s model compare for estimat-ing intraparticle diffusion coefficients in adsorption processes. Adsorption – Journal of The International Adsorption Society, v. 20, n. 5, p. 737–746, 25 jun. 2014.
WEBER, W. J.; MORRIS, J. C. Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution. Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division, v. 89, n. 2, p. 31 60, 1963.
XIA, X. et al. Consistent Approach to Adsorption Thermodynamics on Heteroge-neous Surfaces Using Different Empirical Energy Distribution Models. Langmuir, v. 22, n. 19, p. 8063–8070, 9 ago. 2006.
ZHANG, J. W. et al. Multiple pollutants removal by carbon sphere and layered double hydroxide composites: Adsorption behavior and mechanisms. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, v. 10, n. 3, p. 108014, 1 jun. 2022.